Jill Guest's study of the history of Cradley's public houses and their licensees draws on contemporary trades directories, census returns and the 1843 Tithe Map, providing valuable insights into Cradley public house landlords, their other occupations, pub names and other aspects.
Beer lovers in England owe a debt of gratitude to the Anglo-Saxons who popularised the drinking of ale, a beverage derived from malted grain that had evolved from the honey-based mead of ancient times. The drinking of copious quantities of ale became central to life, second only to the eating of bread, and has even been blamed for the English defeat at the Battle of Hastings, because they were in no fit state to fight.
In the fourteenth century the brewing of ale was so important that anyone who brewed less than they used to, or who decided to cease brewing, was liable to punishment. However, there was such a rapid rise in the number of alehouses, taverns and inns that King Edward III worried that his subjects were being distracted from spending their Sundays in archery practice, as they were duty bound to do in the medieval system.
In the early sixteenth century an influx of Flemish immigrants brought with them the craft of using hops to flavour beer, and the old sweet ales gradually gave way to the new method of brewing. The consumption of beer at home and in beer houses continued to grow, and licensing became a major source of revenue for the government. Most pubs were essentially private houses where the householder paid a fee to be able to sell beer.
In 1830 the Duke of Wellington's Beer Act abolished all duty on beer and established the right of any householder to sell beer upon purchase of a two guinea licence from the Excise, subject to a £20 penalty for selling wine and spirits. There was a widespread belief that spirits were a social evil but beer was a wholesome and nutritional beverage, and the real target here was the rise of gin drinking. From this date householders assessed to the poor rate were allowed to sell (only) beer and this was the effective beginning of the modern public house. The new Act led to the legalisation of illicit alehouses, the number of beer shops soared astronomically, and beer prices fell sharply.
In his study of the social habits of the Black Country, and of the Lye and Wollescote in particular, Wesley Perrins starts with the enjoyment of beer. Colliers, anvil-makers, puddlers, chain-smiths, ironworkers and galvanisers developed a thirst in their work, and in Lye in 1866 there were 53 pubs serving less than 7000 people.
Not to be outdone, Cliff Willetts cites 28 premises in Cradley in 1851 associated with the beer trade. The population of Cradley at this time was 3833, so the proportions of public houses to people were not very different in the two townships. Cliff notes that there was a public house to every 121 of the population of Cradley, but that only seven of the 28 pubs in 1851 were still in business 120 years later.
This aspect of the history of Cradley was researched and compiled by Cliff during the 1960s and early '70s, and published after his death ("Cradley, A History" by Barry G. Willetts and Hazel M. Clifton, 1997). He describes how the 1851 census reveals not only pubs and their landlords, but also the various other trades and occupations of the landlords. Thus, Thomas Cemm was a white smith (tin smith) besides looking after the Bridge Inn in New Road, and Fanny Mole was both victualler of the Colley Gate Inn and a blacksmith employing two men. Thomas Fellows was a victualler at the Old Mogul in Netherend and also a chain maker, and Jabez Adams was a rivet maker as well as publican of the Bull's Head in Overend.
Jill starts her study with some definitions and observations. A victualler is a person who furnishes victuals, a seller of food and drink. A licensed victualler is an innkeeper licensed to sell alcoholic liquor. A malster, or maltster, is a person who prepared malt for the brewing process. Porter, as in porter dealer, is a dark beer brewed from charred or browned malt.
This is by no means a complete list of all the public houses in Cradley from 1841 to 1940, there were certainly more. These are the ones listed in the various directories, but not all are listed in all the directories. Some of the names change, for example, the Sun becomes the Rising Sun and then the Sun again. Some of the addresses change, for example, the White Lion changes from 74 Colley Gate to 74 Windmill Hill comparatively recently, between 1935 and 1940. So does the Round of Beef, which goes from Windmill Hill in 1873 to 33 Colley Gate in 1912, then back to 33 Windmill Hill in 1940. The Old Two Gates started out in Two Gates in 1841, in 1855 it is listed as Parkside, then it moves back to Two Gates, in 1912, the address is given as 56 Windmill Hill, then in 1940 it is given as 50 Two Gates Lane.
None of the pubs from 1841 are left now, including the Sun Inn. Even some of the later ones have had the names changed for no apparent reason, for example, the Talbot to the Chainmaker.
What is apparent from the names is the fact that licenses were kept in the family and passed from father to son and sometimes to the wife if the husband died, for example, the British Arms stayed in the Tate family from 1841 till at least 1880. Similarly, the Colley Gate was kept by the Mole Family from 1841 till 1873 with Frances Mole listed in the 1851 census as a widow, a blacksmith employing two men and a victualler before passing the pub on to her sons presumably. Jabez Adams had the Bulls Head in Overend built and held the licence from at least 1850 until at least 1880 with Mrs Sarah Adams listed by 1896. Thomas Fellows of the Mogul or Old Mogul is listed as a victualler in 1820 and still listed in 1896, so either he was very young when he started or had a son of the same name to carry on.
The Round of Beef is the only one listed in 1896 that still has its original name today. However, at the present time (April 2002) it is up for sale, which could result in an inappropriate name change.
Bentley's Directory 1841
Blue Ball John Beasley, victualler and sword blade forger
British Arms Overend Abel Tate, victualler
Colley Gate Daniel Mole, victualler and blacksmith
Fish High Street Elizabeth Harrison, victualler
Holly Bush High Street Daniel Wright, victualler and porter dealer
May Pole Old Forge Samuel Leonard, victualler
Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows, chain manufacturer and victualler (listed in 1820)
Old Two Gates Two Gates Richard Bache, victualler (listed in 1820)
Robin Hood Joseph Bloomer, victualler
Sun Overend Benjamin Beasley, victualler and gun barrel maker
Windmill Colley gate Henry Adams, victualler
Tithes in the Township of Cradley, 29th December 1843
Only two public houses were named on the Cradley Tithe Map, as follows:
Blue Ball Public House and Garden John Beasley
Maypole Inn and Garden Samuel Leonard
Both these properties were rented from the Trustees of George Biggs, deceased.
1851 Census Returns
Not all public houses were named on the census. Names in brackets have been assumed where the licensee's name is the same as the previous entry or a later one.
Name of premises Address Name Census details
Malt Shovel (?) Stourbridge Road Jos'h Tibbetts Malster, Head, married
Two Gates Inn Two Gates Leah Edmonds Licensed victualler, Head, widow, 70
? Two Gates Sarah Parish Licensed brewer, Head, widow, 70
Henry Parish Brewer, Son, unmarried, 36
Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows Victualler and chain maker, Head, married, 51
Netherend Tavern Netherend Eliza Williams Licensed brewer / victualler, Head, widow, 36
Maypole Cradley Forge Samuel Leonard Victualler, Head, married, 32
Crown Top of New Road Grace Sims Licensed victualler, Head, widow, 63
Elizabeth Simms Dressmaker, daughter, unmarried, 55
Blue Ball Baptist Road John Beasley Licensed Victualler, Head, married, 55
Colley Gate Inn Colley Gate Frances Mole Blacksmith employing 2 men & Victualler, Head, widow, 39
Black Swan Inn East Side Village Mary Hingley Innkeeper, Head, unmarried, 34
British Arms Top of Furlong Lane Abel Tate Millman and publican, Head, married, 55
Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams Rivet maker and publican, Head, married, 36
Rising Sun Overend William H. Hawkswood Publican & ?, Head, married, 41
Bridge Inn New Road Thomas Cemm Master whitesmith & victualler, Head, married, 48
Robin Hood High Street Isaiah Bloomer Victualler, Head, married, 42
Billing's Directory 1855
Black Swan Thomas Howell, auctioneer, appraiser, victualler, printer, stationer, Agent for Birmingham Fire Office
Blue Ball John Beasley, victualler
Bridge Inn Bridge Street Thomas Cemm, vice maker, jobbing smith & Victualler
British Arms Overend A Tate, victualler
Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams, victualler
Crown William Parkes, beer retailer
Crown Elizabeth Simms, victualler
Fish High Street Thomas Fox, victualler
Holly Bush Isaiah Hughes, victualler
Horse & Jockey Netherend Josiah Williams, beer retailer
Malt Shovel Josiah Tibbetts, victualler, maltser & shopkeeper
May Pole Samuel Leonard, victualler
Netherend tavern Netherend Eliza Williams, victualler
Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows, victualler
Old Two Gates Parkside John Tibbets, victualler
Old White Lion William Owen, beer retailer & shopkeeper
Rising Sun Overend William Hawkswood, victualler
Robin Hood Joseph Bloomer, victualler & shopkeeper
Two Gates Henry Parrish, victualler
Yew Tree Joseph Hawkswood, beer retailer & shopkeeper
Littlebury's Directory 1873
Black Swan High Street Samuel Jones
Blue Ball Blue Ball Lane William Adams
Bridge Bridge Street William Tate
British Arms Overend Saml tate
Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams
Colley Gate Colley Gate Mole Brothers
Crown Lyde Green Mrs Cooke
Fish High Street James Attwood
Holly Bush High Street Isaiah Hughes
Horse & Jockey Netherend William Stevens
Lodge Forge Henry Hipkiss
Malt Shovel Mrs E Tibbetts
Maypole Cradley Forge Samuel Leonard
Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows
Old Two Gates Two Gates Simeon Finch
Rose & Crown High Street William Deeley
Round of Beef Windmill Hill T Cox
Sun Overend Benjamin Burley Hawkswood
White Lion Colley Gate Reuben Harper
Windmill Richard Stevens
W. E. Owen & Co's Directory 1880
Black Swan Inn High Street David Brooks
Bridge Inn Bridge Street George Bayliss
British Arms Furlong Lane Samuel Tate
Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams
Holly Bush High Street Isaiah Hughes
May Pole Maypole Hill Samuel Leonard
Old Two Gates Two Gates Simeon Finch
Shovel Inn Elizabeth Tibbetts
Sun Overend Benjamin Hawkswood
Talbot Commercial Hotel Colley Gate William Oliver
White Lion Inn Colley Gate Emmanuel Roper
Kelly's Directory 1896
Black Swan High Street Mrs Maria Louisa Hickton
Blue Ball Ball Lane Mrs Phoebe Tandy
Bridge Bridge Street Harry Watts
British Arms Furlong Lane Thomas Rowley
Bulls Head Overend Mrs Sarah Adams, and shopkeeper
Crown Lyde Green William Griffiths
Fish High Street Joseph Brettell
Holly Bush High Street Thomas Proffitt
Horse & Jockey Netherend William Stevens
Horseshoe Colley Gate Albert Mole, and Blacksmith
Lodge Forge New Street Mrs Ann Rebecca Hipkiss
Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows
Old Two Gates Two Gates William Walters
Old Vine Park Rd , Colley Gate Edward Guest
Rose & Crown High Street Frederick Edward Cutler
Round of Beef Windmill Hill Thomas Cox
Sun Overend Mrs Ann Maria Hotchkiss, and shopkeeper
Talbot Inn Colley Gate Frank Oliver, Brewer, Maltster and farmer
White Lion Inn Colley Gate Albert George Roper
Kelly's Directory 1912 - Public Houses
Black Swan P.H. 80 High Street Joseph Herbert Harrison
Blue Ball P.H. Church Lane John Woodall
Bridge Inn 8 Bridge Street James Jasper
British Arms P.H. 20 Furlong Lane Frank Griffiths
Bulls Head P.H. Overend Joseph Lowe
Crown P.H. 88 Lyde Green (Mrs) Adelaide Twigg
Fish Inn 46 High Street Lawson Auden
Gate P.H. Colley Gate Benjamin Tromans
Holly Bush P.H. 50 High Street Joseph Francis Ellis
Horse & Jockey P.H. 19 Netherend Jabez Henry Herrin
Maypole P.H. 5 Cradley Forge (Mrs) Mary Ann Twist
Old Mogul P.H. Netherend George Albert Ingley
Old Two Gates P.H. 56 Windmill Hill George Botfield
Rose & Crown P.H. High Street Frederick Edward Cutler (and brewer, Lyde Green)
Round of Beef P.H. 33 Colley Gate Harry Vernon Cox
Sun P.H. 99 Overend George Robins
Talbot Hotel Colley Gate Frank Oliver
White Lion Inn 74 Colley Gate George Albert Roper
Kelly's Directory 1912 - Beer Retailers
William Bangham 1 Stocking Street , Two Gates
Daniel Batham 70 High Street
Clement Bennett 88 Two Gates
William Chilton 9 Furlong Lane
William Henry Davies Victoria Street
Joseph Jones 19 Overend
(Mrs) Eliza Oliver Park Road
Daniel Proffitt 2 High Town
Llewellyn Robinson 52 High Street
Simeon Robinson Park Lane
John Saunders 49 Lyde Green
William Henry Thomas 63 Two Gates
Birmingham & District Trades Directory 1934-35 (No licensees' names given)
Black Swan High Street
Blue Ball Blue Ball Lane
Bridge Bridge Street
British Arms 20 Furlong lane
Crown Inn Lyde Green
Fish Hotel High Street
Holly Bush High Street
Horse & Jockey 19 Netherend
Jolly Collier Cradley Road
May Pole Cradley Forge
Old Crown High Town
Old Two Gates 50 Windmill Hill
Robin Hood High Street
Rose & Crown High Street
Sun 99 Overend
Vine Inn Lyde Green
White Horse High Street
White Lion 74 Colley Gate
Kelly's Directory 1940
Black Horse Public House Banners Lane William Palmer
Blue Ball Public House Blue Ball Lane Gilbert Willetts
Bridge Inn 8 Bridge Street Harold Willetts
British Arms Public House 20 Furlong Lane Mrs Ellen Griffiths
Bulls Head Public House Overend Road Mrs Zerniah Robins
Crown Inn Barrack lane Mrs Daisy Smith
Crown Public House 38 Lyde Green Joseph R Priest
Duke William Inn 9 Furlong Lane Ben Tromans
Gate Public House 110 Colley Gate William Richard Buffery
Holly Bush Public House 50 High Street William Henry Hickman
Horse & Jockey Public House 19 Mogul Lane Reginald Johnson
Maypole Inn 5 Maypole Hill Henry J Parks
Old Crown Inn 2 Intended Street Joseph Jinks
Old Two Gates Inn 50 Two Gates Lane Thomas Edge
Park Lane Tavern Park Lane Harry Victor Cook
Rose and Crown Public House High Street William Hall
Round of Beef Public House 33 Windmill Hill Harry Vernon Cox
Talbot Hotel Colley Lane Thomas Bills
Vine Inn Lyde Green Benjamin Garrett
Vine Inn 88 Two Gates William Thomas Woodall
White Horse Inn 70 High Street Frederick Webster
White Lion Inn 74 Windmill Hill George Stafford
Why Not Inn Two Gates George James
Names
The following table, extracted from the collection of directories on Cradley Links, includes both public houses and those entries where although the name of a public house is not shown, the person's occupation was associated with the brewing or selling of beer. The spelling as shown in the original directories has been retained.
Adams Henry, victualler, Windmill, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley
Adams Jabez, victualler, Bull's Head, Over End 1855 Billing
Adams Jabez, British Arms, Overend 1860 Kelly
Adams Jabez, publican, Overend 1860 Preston
Adams Jabez, British Arms, Overend 1868 Kelly
Adams Jabez, Bull's Head Inn, Overend 1873 Littlebury
Adams Sarah (Mrs.), Bull's Head P.H. & shpkpr., Overend 1896 Kelly
Adams William, Blue Ball Inn, Overend 1873 Littlebury
Arnett Mrs. Eliza, beer retailer, Overend 1873 Littlebury
Arnett Sarah (Mrs), beer retailer 1872 Post Office
Arnett Sarah (Mrs), beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Attwood Benj, mnftr of hames, chains, and traces, and beer
retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones
Attwood Benjamin, beer retailer 1868 Kelly
Attwood Eliza (Mrs.), hame maker & beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Attwood Eliza (Mrs.), hame maker & beer retailer 1880 Kelly
Attwood Eliza, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Attwood Eliza (Mrs.), hame ma. & beer retlr., Lyde green 1896 Kelly
Attwood James, Fish Inn 1872 Post Office
Attwood James, Fish Inn 1873 Littlebury
Attwood James, Fish Inn 1876 Kelly
Attwood Richard, beer retailer 1868 Kelly
Attwood Wm, beer retlr & shpkpr, Cradley 1865 Jones
Attwood William, beer retailer 1868 Kelly
Auden Arthur, beer retailer, Two gates 1896 Kelly
Auden Lawson, Fish inn, 46 High street 1912 Kelly
Bangham Wm. Hy. beer retlr. 1 Stocking st. Two Gates 1912 Kelly
Bangham Wm. Hy. Beer retlr. 1 Stocking st, Two Gates 1916 Kelly
Bate Thomas, chain maker, Blue Ball lane 1916 Kelly
Batham Daniel, beer retailer 1880 Kelly
Batham Daniel, beer retailer, High street 1896 Kelly
Batham Daniel, beer retailer, 70 High street 1912 Kelly
Batham Daniel, beer retailer, 70 High street 1916 Kelly
Bayliss George, Bridge inn 1876 Kelly
Bayliss George, Bridge inn 1880 Kelly
Bayliss George, Bridge Inn 1880 Owens
Beasley Allen, beer retailer, Furlong lane 1873 Littlebury
Beasley Allen, Old Vine, Park road 1880 Kelly
Beasley Benjamin, victualler, Sun ; and gun-barrel maker, Overend 1840 Bentley
Beasley John, sword-blade forger and victualler, Blue Ball 1840 Bentley
Beasley John, victualler, Blue Ball 1855 Billing
Beasley John, Blue Ball inn 1860 Preston
Beasley Joseph, Blue Ball 1860 Kelly
Beasley Josiah, beer retailer and sword and bayonet forger, Cradley 1865 Jones
Beasley John, beer retailer, Overend 1896 Kelly
Beasley Samuel, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Bellingham Geo. beer retlr, Two gates 1872 Post Office
Bennet Saml. beer retailer, Two gates 1876 Kelly
Bennet Saml. beer retailer, Two gates 1880 Kelly
Bennett Clement, beer retailer, Two gates 1896 Kelly
Bennett Clement, beer retailer, 88 Two gates 1912 Kelly
Bennett Clement, beer retailer, 88 Two gates 1916 Kelly
Bennett Samuel, beer retailer 1855 Billing
Bennett Saml, beer retailer, Two gates, Cradley 1865 Jones
Bennett Saml. beer retailer, Two gates 1872 Post Office
Bennett Sml.,beer rtlr. & farmer,Two gates 1873 Littlebury
Bennett Wm, Rose and Crown, and greengrocer, Cradley 1865 Jones
Bennett Wm., greengrocer and beer rtlr 1873 Littlebury
Billingham George, charcoal dlr., beer retlr., & shopkpr., Two gates 1873 Littlebury
Billingham Joseph Henry, beer retailer, Victoria street 1916 Kelly
Black Horse P.H. (Wm. Palmer), Banners la 1940 Kelly
Bloomer Joseph, victualler, Robin-Hood 1840 Bentley
Bloomer Joseph, victualler, pawnbroker, and shopkeeper, Robin Hood 1855 Billing
Bloomer Josiah, Robin Hood 1860 Kelly
Bloomer Josiah, Robin Hood 1860 Preston
Bloomer Josiah, Robin Hood 1868 Kelly
Blue Ball P.H. (Gilbt. Willetts), Blue Ball la 1940 Kelly
Botfield George, Old Two Gates P.H. 56 Windmill hill 1912 Kelly
Boxley Benj, beer retailr, High st, Cradley 1865 Jones
Brettell Joseph, Fish P.H. High street 1896 Kelly
Bridge Inn (Harold Willetts) 8 Bridge st 1940 Kelly
British Arms P.H. (Mrs. Ellen Griffiths), 20 Furlong la 1940 Kelly
Brooks David, Black Swan 1876 Kelly
Brooks David, Black Swan 1880 Kelly
Brooks David, Black Swan Inn 1880 Owens
Bull's Head P.H. (Mrs. Zerniah Robins), Overend rd 1940 Kelly
Bunn Wm, beer retailer and shopkeeper, New st, Cradley 1865 Jones
Bunn William, beer retailer 1868 Kelly
Bunn William, beer retailer 1872 Post Office
Bunn William, beer retlr. and shop-keeper 1873 Littlebury
Bunn William, beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Buttery Emily May (Mrs.), Crown P.H. 88 Lyde Green 1916 Kelly
Camm Thomas, beerseller, &c. 1840 Bentley
Carr Hy, beer retlr and filecuttr, Cradley 1865 Jones
Cashmore Charles, Holly Bush P.H. 50 High street 1916 Kelly
Cemm Thomas, vice maker, jobbing smith, and victualler, Bridge Inn 1855 Billing
Cemm Thomas, Bridge inn, & vice manufacturer 1860 Kelly
Challiner Geo. Read, White Swan, and plumber and painter 1865 Jones
Chilton William, beer retailer, 9 Furlong lane 1912 Kelly
Chilton William, beer retailer, 9 Furlong lane 1916 Kelly
Clemm Thomas, Bridge inn 1860 Preston
Colden Susanna, beerseller, Park-row 1840 Bentley
Cook Elizabeth (Mrs.), Crown 1872 Post Office
Cook Hannah (Mrs.), Crown 1876 Kelly
Cook Samuel, Crown 1868 Kelly
Cooke Mrs., Crown. Inn, Lyde green 1873 Littlebury
Cooper William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly
Cox Harry Vernon, Round of Beef P.H. 33 Colley gate 1912 Kelly
Cox Harry Vernon, Round of Beef P.H. 33 Colley gate 1916 Kelly
Cox Joseph, Blue Ball 1880 Kelly
Cox Thos, beer retir, Colly gte, Cradley 1865 Jones
Cox Thos. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1872 Post Office
Cox Thos., Round of Beef, Windmill hill 1873 Littlebury
Cox Thos. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1876 Kelly
Cox Thomas, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Cox Thos. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1880 Kelly
Cox Thomas, Round of Beef P.H. Windmill hill 1896 Kelly
Cox William, nail-factor and beerseller 1840 Bentley
Crown Inn (Mrs. Daisy Smith) Barrack la 1940 Kelly
Crown P.H. (Jsph. R. Priest), 88 Lyde grn 1940 Kelly
Cutler Frederick Edward, Rose & Crown P.H. High street 1896 Kelly
Cutler Frederic Edward, Rose & Crown P.H. High street & brewer, Lyde Green 1912 Kelly
Davies William Henry, beer retailer, Victoria street 1912 Kelly
Deeley Lousia (Mrs.), Rose &Crown 1880 Kelly
Deeley William, Rose &Crown 1872 Post Office
Deeley William, Rose and Crown Inn 1873 Littlebury
Deeley William, Rose &Crown 1876 Kelly
Duke William Inn (Ben Tromans), 9 Furlong la 1940 Kelly
Dunn William, Blue Ball 1876 Kelly
Edwards Henry, maltster, Park-Row 1840 Bentley
Ellis Francis Joseph, Holly Bush P.H. 50 High street 1912 Kelly
Fellow Thomas, Old Mogul, Netherend 1860 Kelly
Fellowes Thomas, victualler, Old Mogul, Nether End 1855 Billing
Fellows Joseph, maltster 1860 Kelly
Fellows Susannah, maltster, Cradley 1865 Jones
Fellows Thomas, chain manufacterer and victualler, Mogul, Netherend 1840 Bentley
Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul, Netherend 1860 Preston
Fellows Thos, beer retailer, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones
Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul, Nethernd 1868 Kelly
Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul, Netherend 1872 Post Office
Fellows Thos., Old Mogul Inn, Netherend 1873 Littlebury
Fellows Thos. beer retailer, Netherend 1876 Kelly
Fellows Thomas, beer retailer, Netherend 1880 Owens
Fellows Thos. beer retailer, Netherend 1880 Kelly
Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul P.H. Netherend 1896 Kelly
Folkes Wm. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1872 Post Office
Folkes William, beer retlr, Windmill hill 1873 Littlebury
Forrest Noah, beerseller, Light green 1840 Bentley
Forrest Richd. beer retailer, Windmill hl 1876 Kelly
Forrest Richard, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Forrest Richd. beer retailer, Windmill hl 1880 Kelly
Fox Charles John, maltster, Overend 1896 Kelly
Fox Thomas, victualler, Fish 1855 Billing
Fox Thomas, Fish, & maltster 1860 Kelly
Fox Thomas, Fish, and maltster, Cradley 1865 Jones
Fox Thomas, maltster 1868 Kelly
Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1872 Post Office
Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1873 Littlebury
Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1876 Kelly
Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1880 Kelly
Foxall Thomas, maltster, Netherton 1865 Jones
Gate P.H. (Wm. Rd. Buttery), 110 Colley gate 1940 Kelly
Gill Samuel, beer retailer, Two gates 1896 Kelly
Griffiths Frank, British Arms P.H. 20 Furlong lane 1912 Kelly
Griffiths Frank, British Arms P.H. 20 Furlong Lane 1916 Kelly
Griffiths William, Crown P.H. Lyde green 1896 Kelly
Grove John H., beer retailer and shopkeeper, Colley Gate 1855 Billing
Guest Edward, Old Vine P. H. Park road, Colley gate 1896 Kelly
Haddock John, painter and beerseller, Netherend 1840 Bentley
Hadley William, beerseller, Park-row 1840 Bentley
Harper Dvd, beer rtlr, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones
Harper Joseph, beerseller, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley
Harper Mary Ann (Mrs.), beer & wine retailer, Furlong la 1896 Kelly
Harper Reuben, beer retailer, Colley gate 1868 Kelly
Harper Reuben, beer retailer, Colley gate 1872 Post Office
Harper Reuben, White Lion, Windmill hl 1873 Littlebury
Harper Reuben, beer retailer, Colley gt 1880 Kelly
Harper Richard, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Harper, Joseph, beer retailer, Colly lane 1860 Preston
Harrison Benj. maltster 1820 Lewis'
Harrison Elizabeth, victualler, Fish 1840 Bentley
Harrison Herbert Joseph, Black Swan P.H. 80 High st 1912 Kelly
Harrison Herbert Joseph, Black Swan P.H. 80 High st 1916 Kelly
Harrison Joseph, chain maker, Bridge street 1912 Kelly
Hathaway William, Fish 1868 Kelly
Hawkeswood Benjn., Sun Inn, and grocer 1873 Littlebury
Hawkeswood Benj. Sun, Colley Gate 1876 Kelly
Hawkeswood Benjamin, Sun 1880 Owens
Hawkeswood Benjamin, Sun, Overend 1880 Kelly
Hawkeswood H., Sun inn, Overend 1860 Preston
Hawkeswood Joseph, beer retailer and shopkeeper, Yew Tree 1855 Billing
Hawkeswood Joseph, beer retailer 1860 Kelly
Hawkeswood Joseph, beer retailer 1860 Preston
Hawkeswood Richard. Sun, Colley gate 1872 Post Office
Hawkeswood William, victualler, Rising Sun, Over End 1855 Billing
Hawkeswood Wm, Sun, & grcr, Overend, Cradley 1865 Jones
Hawkesworth William Herbert, Sun, & shopkeeper, Overend 1860 Kelly
Hawkesworth Wm. Herbrt. Sun, Overnd 1868 Kelly
Hawkswood Joseph, beerseller and farmer 1840 Bentley
Hawkswood William Herbert, beerseller 1840 Bentley
Herrin Henry Jabez, Horse & Jockey P.H. 19 Netherend 1912 Kelly
Herring Henry Jabez, Horse & Jockey P.H. 19 Netherend 1916 Kelly
Hickton Maria Louisa (Mrs.), Black Swan P.H. High st 1896 Kelly
Hill Thomas., maltster & beer retailer, Park lane 1873 Littlebury
Hill Thos. beer retlr. Park Lane farm 1876 Kelly
Hingley Elizabeth, beer retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones
Hingley James, butcher & beer retailer 1860 Kelly
Hingley Jas, beer retailer and butcher, Cradley 1865 Jones
Hingley James, butcher and beer retailer 1873 Littlebury
Hingley James, beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Hingley James, beer retailer 1880 Kelly
Hingley James, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Hipkiss Ann Rebecca (Mrs.), Lodge Forge P.H. New st 1896 Kelly
Hipkiss Henry, Lodge Forge, and iron manufacturer, Cradley 1865 Jones
Hipkiss Hen. iron manfr. Lodge forge 1872 Post Office
Hipkiss Hy., manufctr. of all kinds of use iron and beer retailer, Lodge forge 1873 Littlebury
Hipkiss Henry, iron manufr. Lodge forge 1880 Kelly
Hipkiss Moses, beer retailer 1880 Kelly
Hipkiss William Evan, Lodge Forge inn 1880 Kelly
Holly Bush P.H. (Wm. Hy. Eickman), 50 High st 1940 Kelly
Homer Noah Cox, beerseller, boot, &c., maker, Colly-gate 1840 Bentley
Homer Thomas, beerseller 1840 Bentley
Hopkiss Henry, iron manufacturer. Lodge forge 1868 Kelly
Hopkiss Hy. iron manufr. Lodge forge 1876 Kelly
Horse & Jockey P.H. (Regnld. Johnson), 19 Mogul la. Netherend 1940 Kelly
Hotchkiss Ann Maria (Mrs.), shpkpr. & Sun P.H. Overend 1896 Kelly
Hughes Isaiah, victualler, Holly Bush 1855 Billing
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1860 Kelly
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush, Cradley 1865 Jones
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1868 Kelly
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1872 Post Office
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush Inn and maltster 1873 Littlebury
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1876 Kelly
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1880 Kelly
Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1880 Owens
Hughes Samuel, maltster 1872 Post Office
Hughes Samuel, maltster 1880 Kelly
Hughes Samuel, maltster 1880 Owens
Hughes, Isaiah, Holly Bush 1860 Preston
Ingley George Albert, Old Mogul P.H. Netherend 1912 Kelly
Ingley George Albert, Old Mogul P.H. Netherend 1916 Kelly
Jasper James, Bridge inn, 8 Bridge street 1912 Kelly
Jasper James, Bridge inn, 8 Bridge street 1916 Kelly
Johnson Levi, beerseller 1840 Bentley
Jones Joseph, beer retailer, 19 Overend 1912 Kelly
Jones Mary (Mrs.) maltstr, Netherend 1868 Kelly
Jones Mrs. Susannah, maltster, Netherend 1873 Littlebury
Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1872 Post Office
Jones Susannah. (Mrs) maltstr. Nethernd 1872 Post Office
Jones Samuel, Black Swan Inn 1873 Littlebury
Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Jones Susannah. (Mrs) maltstr. Nethernd 1876 Kelly
Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1880 Kelly
Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Jones William, maltster, Nether End 1855 Billing
Jones William, Black Swan 1860 Kelly
Jones William, maltster Netherend 1860 Kelly
Jones William, maltster, Netherend 1860 Preston
Jones Wm, Black Swan, Cradley 1865 Jones
Kendrick William, beer retailer 1855 Billing
Kendrick William, beer retailer 1860 Kelly
Kendrick Wm, beer rtlr, Colly gte, Cradley 1865 Jones
Laister Thomas, maltster 1855 Billing
Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1860 Kelly
Laister Thos, maltster, Colley gt, Cradley 1865 Jones
Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1868 Kelly
Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1872 Post Office
Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1873 Littlebury
Leonard Jas. Albt. Old Two Gates P.H. 50 Windmill hill 1916 Kelly
Leonard Samuel, victualler, May Pole, Old Forge 1840 Bentley
Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1860 Kelly
Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1860 Preston
Leonard Samuel, Maypole, Cradley forge 1865 Jones
Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1868 Kelly
Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1872 Post Office
Leonard Samuel, May Pole, Cradley forge 1873 Littlebury
Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1876 Kelly
Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1880 Kelly
Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1880 Owens
Lester Thomas, maltster, Colly gate 1860 Preston
Lowe Joseph, Bull's Head P.H. Overend 1912 Kelly
Male David, beer retailer, 49 Lyde green 1916 Kelly
Manning George, beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Mason Saml., maltster, Netherend 1840 Bentley
Maypole Inn (Hy. J. Parkes), 5 Maypole hill 1940 Kelly
Mole Albert, Horse Shoe P.H. & blacksmith, Colley gate 1896 Kelly
Mole Daniel, victualler & blacksmith, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley
Mole Fanny, blacksmith and victualler, Colley Gate 1855 Billing
Mole Fanny (Miss), beer retailer, Colley gate 1872 Post Office
Mole Jane (Miss), beer retlr. Colley gate 1876 Kelly
Mole Jane (Miss), beer retlr. Colley gate 1880 Kelly
Mole Jane, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Mole Lucy, beer retailer, Colly gte, Cradley 1865 Jones
Mole Lucy (Miss), beer retailr. Colley gate 1868 Kelly
Mole William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly
Newth William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly
Old Crown Inn (Jsph. Jinks), 2 Intended st 1940 Kelly
Old Two Gates Inn (Thos. Edge), 50 Two Gates la 1940 Kelly
Oliver Eliza (Mrs.), beer retailer, Park side 1896 Kelly
Oliver Eliza (Mrs.), beer retailer, Park road 1912 Kelly
Oliver Eliza (Mrs.), beer retailer, Park road 1916 Kelly
Oliver Frank, Talbot htl., brewer, maltster & farmr. Colley gate 1896 Kelly
Oliver Frank, Talbot hotel, & farmer, Colley gate 1912 Kelly
Oliver Frank, Talbot hotel, & farmer, Colley Gate 1916 Kelly
Oliver Joseph, beer retailer, Park row 1873 Littlebury
Oliver William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly
Oliver William, beer retailer, Old Vine, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones
Oliver William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1868 Kelly
Oliver William, maltster 1872 Post Office
Oliver Wm., beer rtlr. and maltster, Park row 1873 Littlebury
Oliver William, maltster & beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Oliver William & Sons, maltsters and hop merchants, Colley gate 1880 Owens
Oliver William, jun. Park lane tavern, Netherend 1880 Kelly
Oliver William, Talbot Commercial Hotel, and maltster 1880 Owens
Oliver Wm, Talbot hotel, & maltster 1880 Kelly
Oliver W. & Son (of Cradley) Ltd. Maltsters. Colley Gate 1916 Kelly
Onslow Thomas, Bridge, Cradley 1865 Jones
Owen William, beer retailer and shop-keeper, Old White Lion 1855 Billing
Palmer William, beer retailer, 19 Overend 1916 Kelly
Pargeter T. maltster 1820 Lewis'
Parish Joseph, beerseller, Old Two Gates 1840 Bentley
Park Lane Tavern (Harry Victor Cook), Park la 1940 Kelly
Parkes William, beer retailer, Crown 1855 Billing
Parrish Henry, victualler, Two Gates 1855 Billing
Partridge George, hame, trace and chain manufctr. and beer
rtlr., (Why not call and see), Two gates 1873 Littlebury
Partridge William, Fish inn, 36 High street 1916 Kelly
Pearshouse Joseph, beer retailer, Netherend 1896 Kelly
Pearson James, beerseller, Old Two Gates 1840 Bentley
Percival Joh, Bull's Head P.H. Overend 1916 Kelly
Priest James, beerseller 1840 Bentley
Proffitt Daniel, beer retailer, High town 1896 Kelly
Proffitt, Daniel, beer retailer, 2 High town 1912 Kelly
Proffitt Daniel, beer retailer, 2 High town 1916 Kelly
Proffitt Thomas, Holly Bush P.H. High street 1896 Kelly
Robins George, Sun P.H. 99 Overend 1912 Kelly
Robins George, Sun P.H. 99 Overend 1916 Kelly
Robinson Llewellyn, beer retailer, 52 High street 1912 Kelly
Robinson Llewellyn, beer retailer, 52 High street 1916 Kelly
Robinson Simeon, beer retailer, Park lane 1912 Kelly
Robinson Simeon, beer retailer, Park lane 1916 Kelly
Roper Emanuel, White Lion inn, Colley gate 1876 Kelly
Roper Emanuel, White Lion Inn 1880 Owens
Roper Emanuel, White Lion inn, Colley gate 1880 Kelly
Roper George Albert, White Lion inn, Colley gate 1896 Kelly
Roper George Albert, White Lion inn, 74 Colley gate 1912 Kelly
Roper George Albert, White Lion inn, 74 Colley gate 1916 Kelly
Roper William, beerseller and farmer, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley
Roper Wm. beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly
Roper Wm, beer rtlr, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones
Rose & Crown P.H. (Wm. Hall), High st 1940 Kelly
Round of Beef P.H. (Harry Vernon Cox), 33 Windmill hill 1940 Kelly
Rowley Thomas, British Arms P.H. Furlong lane 1896 Kelly
Saunders John, beer retailer, 49 Lyde green 1912 Kelly
Shaw Henry, maltster, Netherend 1840 Bentley
Shaw Wm. beer retailer & shopkeeper, Netherend 1860 Kelly
Simms Elizabeth, victualler, Crown 1855 Billing
Simons Mary Frances (Mrs.), Bridge inn 1868 Kelly
Smethem Henry, beer retlr. Colley gate 1868 Kelly
Smith Harry, Rose & Crown P.H. High street 1916 Kelly
Steadman Joseph, Black Swan 1868 Kelly
Stevens Richd. beer retlr. Windmill hill 1872 Post Office
Stevens Richard, Windmill Inn 1873 Littlebury
Stevens William, Horse and Jockey, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones
Stevens Wm. beer retailer, Netherend 1868 Kelly
Stevens Wm. beer retailer, Netherend 1872 Post Office
Stevens Wm., Horse and Jockey, Netherend 1873 Littlebury
Stevens William, Horse & Jockey P.H. Netherend 1896 Kelly
Stoneley Josh, beer retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones
Stringer Wm. beer retailer, Netherend 1860 Kelly
Talbot George, beer retailer 1868 Kelly
Talbot Hotel (Thos. Bills), Colley gate 1940 Kelly
Talbott George, beer rtlr, Cradley forge 1865 Jones
Tandy John, Blue Ball P.H. Church lane 1916 Kelly
Tandy Phoebe (Mrs.), Blue Ball P.H. Ball lane 1896 Kelly
Tate Abel, victualler, British Arms, Overend 1840 Bentley
Tate A., victualler, British Arms,Over End 1855 Billing
Tate Abel, publican 1860 Preston
Tate Abel, beer rtlr, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones
Tate Samuel, British Arms 1872 Post Office
Tate Saml., British Arms Inn, Overend 1873 Littlebury
Tate Samuel, British Arms 1876 Kelly
Tate Samuel, British Arms 1880 Kelly
Tate William, beer retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones
Tate William, beer retailer 1868 Kelly
Tate William, Bridge inn 1872 Post Office
Tate Wm., Bridge Inn and beer retlr., (Crown), High town 1873 Littlebury
Tate William, beer retailer 1876 Kelly
Tate William, beer retailer 1880 Kelly
Tate William, beer retailer 1880 Owens
Taylor William, beer retailer 1880 Kelly
Thomas Henry, beer retailer, Netherend 1860 Kelly
Thomas William Henry, beer retailer, 63 Two gates 1912 Kelly
Tibbets Elizabeth, Shovel Inn 1880 Owens
Tibbets Joseph, beerseller, Park row 1840 Bentley
Tibbets John, victualler, Old Two Gates, Park Side 1855 Billing
Tibbetts Elizabeth (Mrs.), Shovel inn, Park side 1872 Post Office
Tibbetts Elizabeth (Mrs.), Shovel inn, Park side 1876 Kelly
Tibbetts Elizabeth (Mrs.), Shovel inn, Park side 1880 Kelly
Tibbetts Joseph, Shovel inn, & shopkeeper, Park side 1860 Kelly
Tibbetts John, beer retailer, Two gates, Cradley 1865 Jones
Tibbetts Joseph, Shovel inn, Park side 1868 Kelly
Tibbetts Mrs. Elizabeth, Malt Shovel and shopkeeper, Park row 1873 Littlebury
Tibbetts William, beer retailer, High street 1896 Kelly
Tibbetts, Joseph, Malt Shovel, and grocr and maltster, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones
Tromans Benjamin, Gate P.H. Colley gate 1912 Kelly
Tromans Benjamin, Gate P.H. Colley Gate 1916 Kelly
Twigg Adelaide (Mrs.), Crown P.H. 88 Lyde green 1912 Kelly
Twist Mary Ann (Mrs.), Maypole P.H. 5 Cradley forge 1912 Kelly
Twist Mary Ann (Mrs.), Maypole P.H. 5 Cradley forge 1916 Kelly
Vine Inn (Benj. Garratt), Lyde grn 1940 Kelly
Vine Inn (Wm. Thos. Woodall), 88 Two gates 1940 Kelly
Walker Hezekiah, beer retailer, Victoria street 1896 Kelly
Walker Stephen, beerseller, Light Green 1840 Bentley
Walters John, Vine 1865 Jones
Walters William, Old Two Gates P.H 1896 Kelly
Warr John, beer retailer 1860 Kelly
Watts Harry, Bridge P.H. Bridge street 1896 Kelly
Westwood Emma (Mrs.), beer retailer 1868 Kelly
Westwood Joseph, victualler, malster, and shopkeeper, Malt Shovel 1855 Billing
White Horse Inn (Fredk. Webster), 70 High st 1940 Kelly
White Lion Inn (Geo. Stafford), 74 Windmill liill 1940 Kelly
Why Not Inn (Geo. James), Two gates 1940 Kelly
Willetts John, Crown 1880 Kelly
Williams Eliza, victualler, Nether End Tavern, Nether End 1855 Billing
Williams Eliza (Mrs.), Netherend tavern, Netherend 1860 Kelly
Williams Eliza, beer retailer, Netherend 1860 Preston
Williams Eliza, Netherend tavern, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones
Williams Joseph, beer retailer, Horse and Jockey, Nether End 1855 Billing
Woodall John W. Blue Ball P.H. Church lane 1912 Kelly
Wright Daniel, victualler and porter dealer, Holly Bush 1840 Bentley
Wyer Judith (Mrs.), beer retailer 1860 Kelly
Wyer Samuel E, beer retailer 1855 Billing
Yates Ann (Mrs.), beer retailer 1872 Post Office
Yates Mrs. Ann, beer retlr., New street 1873 Littlebury
Readers wishing to pursue their study of public houses might like to take a look at the following web sites:
The Pubs, Inns and Taverns Index for England, 1801-1900 (www.pubsindex.freeserve.co.uk)
The Pub and Beer Guide for the Midlands (www.midlandspubs.co.uk) and especially the Colley Gate section (www.midlandspubs.co.uk/westmidlands/colleygate.htm )
Real Ale and a Bed (www.beerguide.co.uk) and especially the West Midlands page (www.beerguide.co.uk/counties/wmids.htm) which features the Why Not Inn in Two Gates, Cradley (www.beerguide.co.uk/towns/colley_gate.htm#whynot)