The Pubs of Cradley

Jill Guest's study of the history of Cradley's public houses and their licensees draws on contemporary trades directories, census returns and the 1843 Tithe Map, providing valuable insights into Cradley public house landlords, their other occupations, pub names and other aspects.

Beer lovers in England owe a debt of gratitude to the Anglo-Saxons who popularised the drinking of ale, a beverage derived from malted grain that had evolved from the honey-based mead of ancient times. The drinking of copious quantities of ale became central to life, second only to the eating of bread, and has even been blamed for the English defeat at the Battle of Hastings, because they were in no fit state to fight.

In the fourteenth century the brewing of ale was so important that anyone who brewed less than they used to, or who decided to cease brewing, was liable to punishment. However, there was such a rapid rise in the number of alehouses, taverns and inns that King Edward III worried that his subjects were being distracted from spending their Sundays in archery practice, as they were duty bound to do in the medieval system.

In the early sixteenth century an influx of Flemish immigrants brought with them the craft of using hops to flavour beer, and the old sweet ales gradually gave way to the new method of brewing. The consumption of beer at home and in beer houses continued to grow, and licensing became a major source of revenue for the government. Most pubs were essentially private houses where the householder paid a fee to be able to sell beer.

In 1830 the Duke of Wellington's Beer Act abolished all duty on beer and established the right of any householder to sell beer upon purchase of a two guinea licence from the Excise, subject to a £20 penalty for selling wine and spirits. There was a widespread belief that spirits were a social evil but beer was a wholesome and nutritional beverage, and the real target here was the rise of gin drinking. From this date householders assessed to the poor rate were allowed to sell (only) beer and this was the effective beginning of the modern public house. The new Act led to the legalisation of illicit alehouses, the number of beer shops soared astronomically, and beer prices fell sharply.

In his study of the social habits of the Black Country, and of the Lye and Wollescote in particular, Wesley Perrins starts with the enjoyment of beer. Colliers, anvil-makers, puddlers, chain-smiths, ironworkers and galvanisers developed a thirst in their work, and in Lye in 1866 there were 53 pubs serving less than 7000 people.

Not to be outdone, Cliff Willetts cites 28 premises in Cradley in 1851 associated with the beer trade. The population of Cradley at this time was 3833, so the proportions of public houses to people were not very different in the two townships. Cliff notes that there was a public house to every 121 of the population of Cradley, but that only seven of the 28 pubs in 1851 were still in business 120 years later.

This aspect of the history of Cradley was researched and compiled by Cliff during the 1960s and early '70s, and published after his death ("Cradley, A History" by Barry G. Willetts and Hazel M. Clifton, 1997). He describes how the 1851 census reveals not only pubs and their landlords, but also the various other trades and occupations of the landlords. Thus, Thomas Cemm was a white smith (tin smith) besides looking after the Bridge Inn in New Road, and Fanny Mole was both victualler of the Colley Gate Inn and a blacksmith employing two men. Thomas Fellows was a victualler at the Old Mogul in Netherend and also a chain maker, and Jabez Adams was a rivet maker as well as publican of the Bull's Head in Overend.

Jill starts her study with some definitions and observations. A victualler is a person who furnishes victuals, a seller of food and drink. A licensed victualler is an innkeeper licensed to sell alcoholic liquor. A malster, or maltster, is a person who prepared malt for the brewing process. Porter, as in porter dealer, is a dark beer brewed from charred or browned malt.

This is by no means a complete list of all the public houses in Cradley from 1841 to 1940, there were certainly more. These are the ones listed in the various directories, but not all are listed in all the directories. Some of the names change, for example, the Sun becomes the Rising Sun and then the Sun again. Some of the addresses change, for example, the White Lion changes from 74 Colley Gate to 74 Windmill Hill comparatively recently, between 1935 and 1940. So does the Round of Beef, which goes from Windmill Hill in 1873 to 33 Colley Gate in 1912, then back to 33 Windmill Hill in 1940. The Old Two Gates started out in Two Gates in 1841, in 1855 it is listed as Parkside, then it moves back to Two Gates, in 1912, the address is given as 56 Windmill Hill, then in 1940 it is given as 50 Two Gates Lane.

None of the pubs from 1841 are left now, including the Sun Inn. Even some of the later ones have had the names changed for no apparent reason, for example, the Talbot to the Chainmaker.

What is apparent from the names is the fact that licenses were kept in the family and passed from father to son and sometimes to the wife if the husband died, for example, the British Arms stayed in the Tate family from 1841 till at least 1880. Similarly, the Colley Gate was kept by the Mole Family from 1841 till 1873 with Frances Mole listed in the 1851 census as a widow, a blacksmith employing two men and a victualler before passing the pub on to her sons presumably. Jabez Adams had the Bulls Head in Overend built and held the licence from at least 1850 until at least 1880 with Mrs Sarah Adams listed by 1896. Thomas Fellows of the Mogul or Old Mogul is listed as a victualler in 1820 and still listed in 1896, so either he was very young when he started or had a son of the same name to carry on.

The Round of Beef is the only one listed in 1896 that still has its original name today. However, at the present time (April 2002) it is up for sale, which could result in an inappropriate name change.

Bentley's Directory 1841

Blue Ball  John Beasley, victualler and sword blade forger

British Arms Overend Abel Tate, victualler

Colley Gate  Daniel Mole, victualler and blacksmith

Fish High Street Elizabeth Harrison, victualler

Holly Bush High Street Daniel Wright, victualler and porter dealer

May Pole Old Forge Samuel Leonard, victualler

Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows, chain manufacturer and victualler (listed in 1820)

Old Two Gates Two Gates Richard Bache, victualler (listed in 1820)

Robin Hood  Joseph Bloomer, victualler

Sun Overend Benjamin Beasley, victualler and gun barrel maker

Windmill Colley gate Henry Adams, victualler

Tithes in the Township of Cradley, 29th December 1843

Only two public houses were named on the Cradley Tithe Map, as follows:

Blue Ball Public House and Garden John Beasley

Maypole Inn and Garden Samuel Leonard

Both these properties were rented from the Trustees of George Biggs, deceased.

1851 Census Returns

Not all public houses were named on the census. Names in brackets have been assumed where the licensee's name is the same as the previous entry or a later one.

Name of premises Address Name Census details

Malt Shovel (?) Stourbridge Road Jos'h Tibbetts Malster, Head, married

Two Gates Inn Two Gates Leah Edmonds Licensed victualler, Head, widow, 70

? Two Gates Sarah Parish Licensed brewer, Head, widow, 70

Henry Parish Brewer, Son, unmarried, 36 Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows Victualler and chain maker, Head, married, 51

Netherend Tavern Netherend Eliza Williams Licensed brewer / victualler, Head, widow, 36

Maypole Cradley Forge Samuel Leonard Victualler, Head, married, 32

Crown Top of New Road Grace Sims Licensed victualler, Head, widow, 63

Elizabeth Simms Dressmaker, daughter, unmarried, 55

Blue Ball Baptist Road John Beasley Licensed Victualler, Head, married, 55

Colley Gate Inn Colley Gate Frances Mole Blacksmith employing 2 men & Victualler, Head, widow, 39

Black Swan Inn East Side Village Mary Hingley Innkeeper, Head, unmarried, 34

British Arms Top of Furlong Lane Abel Tate Millman and publican, Head, married, 55

Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams Rivet maker and publican, Head, married, 36

Rising Sun Overend William H. Hawkswood Publican & ?, Head, married, 41

Bridge Inn New Road Thomas Cemm Master whitesmith & victualler, Head, married, 48

Robin Hood High Street Isaiah Bloomer Victualler, Head, married, 42

Billing's Directory 1855

Black Swan  Thomas Howell, auctioneer, appraiser, victualler, printer, stationer, Agent for Birmingham Fire Office

Blue Ball  John Beasley, victualler

Bridge Inn Bridge Street Thomas Cemm, vice maker, jobbing smith & Victualler

British Arms Overend A Tate, victualler

Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams, victualler

Crown  William Parkes, beer retailer

Crown  Elizabeth Simms, victualler

Fish High Street Thomas Fox, victualler

Holly Bush  Isaiah Hughes, victualler

Horse & Jockey Netherend Josiah Williams, beer retailer

Malt Shovel  Josiah Tibbetts, victualler, maltser & shopkeeper

May Pole  Samuel Leonard, victualler

Netherend tavern Netherend Eliza Williams, victualler

Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows, victualler

Old Two Gates Parkside John Tibbets, victualler

Old White Lion  William Owen, beer retailer & shopkeeper

Rising Sun Overend William Hawkswood, victualler

Robin Hood  Joseph Bloomer, victualler & shopkeeper

Two Gates  Henry Parrish, victualler

Yew Tree  Joseph Hawkswood, beer retailer & shopkeeper

Littlebury's Directory 1873

Black Swan High Street Samuel Jones

Blue Ball Blue Ball Lane William Adams

Bridge Bridge Street William Tate

British Arms Overend Saml tate

Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams

Colley Gate Colley Gate Mole Brothers

Crown Lyde Green Mrs Cooke

Fish High Street James Attwood

Holly Bush High Street Isaiah Hughes

Horse & Jockey Netherend William Stevens

Lodge Forge  Henry Hipkiss

Malt Shovel  Mrs E Tibbetts

Maypole Cradley Forge Samuel Leonard

Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows

Old Two Gates Two Gates Simeon Finch

Rose & Crown High Street William Deeley

Round of Beef Windmill Hill T Cox

Sun Overend Benjamin Burley Hawkswood

White Lion Colley Gate Reuben Harper

Windmill  Richard Stevens

W. E. Owen & Co's Directory 1880

Black Swan Inn High Street David Brooks

Bridge Inn Bridge Street George Bayliss

British Arms Furlong Lane Samuel Tate

Bulls Head Overend Jabez Adams

Holly Bush High Street Isaiah Hughes

May Pole Maypole Hill Samuel Leonard

Old Two Gates Two Gates Simeon Finch

Shovel Inn  Elizabeth Tibbetts

Sun Overend Benjamin Hawkswood

Talbot Commercial Hotel Colley Gate William Oliver

White Lion Inn Colley Gate Emmanuel Roper

Kelly's Directory 1896

Black Swan High Street Mrs Maria Louisa Hickton

Blue Ball Ball Lane Mrs Phoebe Tandy

Bridge Bridge Street Harry Watts

British Arms Furlong Lane Thomas Rowley

Bulls Head Overend Mrs Sarah Adams, and shopkeeper

Crown Lyde Green William Griffiths

Fish High Street Joseph Brettell

Holly Bush High Street Thomas Proffitt

Horse & Jockey Netherend William Stevens

Horseshoe Colley Gate Albert Mole, and Blacksmith

Lodge Forge New Street Mrs Ann Rebecca Hipkiss

Old Mogul Netherend Thomas Fellows

Old Two Gates Two Gates William Walters

Old Vine Park Rd, Colley Gate Edward Guest

Rose & Crown High Street Frederick Edward Cutler

Round of Beef Windmill Hill Thomas Cox

Sun Overend Mrs Ann Maria Hotchkiss, and shopkeeper

Talbot Inn Colley Gate Frank Oliver, Brewer, Maltster and farmer

White Lion Inn Colley Gate Albert George Roper

Kelly's Directory 1912 - Public Houses

Black Swan P.H. 80 High Street Joseph Herbert Harrison

Blue Ball P.H. Church Lane John Woodall

Bridge Inn 8 Bridge Street James Jasper

British Arms P.H. 20 Furlong Lane Frank Griffiths

Bulls Head P.H. Overend Joseph Lowe

Crown P.H. 88 Lyde Green (Mrs) Adelaide Twigg

Fish Inn 46 High Street Lawson Auden

Gate P.H. Colley Gate Benjamin Tromans

Holly Bush P.H. 50 High Street Joseph Francis Ellis

Horse & Jockey P.H. 19 Netherend Jabez Henry Herrin

Maypole P.H. 5 Cradley Forge (Mrs) Mary Ann Twist

Old Mogul P.H. Netherend George Albert Ingley

Old Two Gates P.H. 56 Windmill Hill George Botfield

Rose & Crown P.H. High Street Frederick Edward Cutler (and brewer, Lyde Green)

Round of Beef P.H. 33 Colley Gate Harry Vernon Cox

Sun P.H. 99 Overend George Robins

Talbot Hotel Colley Gate Frank Oliver

White Lion Inn 74 Colley Gate George Albert Roper

Kelly's Directory 1912 - Beer Retailers

William Bangham 1 Stocking Street, Two Gates

Daniel Batham 70 High Street

Clement Bennett 88 Two Gates

William Chilton 9 Furlong Lane

William Henry Davies Victoria Street

Joseph Jones 19 Overend

(Mrs) Eliza Oliver Park Road

Daniel Proffitt 2 High Town

Llewellyn Robinson 52 High Street

Simeon Robinson Park Lane

John Saunders 49 Lyde Green

William Henry Thomas 63 Two Gates

Birmingham & District Trades Directory 1934-35 (No licensees' names given)

Black Swan High Street

Blue Ball Blue Ball Lane

Bridge Bridge Street

British Arms 20 Furlong lane

Crown Inn Lyde Green

Fish Hotel High Street

Holly Bush High Street

Horse & Jockey 19 Netherend

Jolly Collier Cradley Road

May Pole Cradley Forge

Old Crown High Town

Old Two Gates 50 Windmill Hill

Robin Hood High Street

Rose & Crown High Street

Sun 99 Overend

Vine Inn Lyde Green

White Horse High Street

White Lion 74 Colley Gate

Kelly's Directory 1940

Black Horse Public House Banners Lane William Palmer

Blue Ball Public House Blue Ball Lane Gilbert Willetts

Bridge Inn 8 Bridge Street Harold Willetts

British Arms Public House 20 Furlong Lane Mrs Ellen Griffiths

Bulls Head Public House Overend Road Mrs Zerniah Robins

Crown Inn Barrack lane Mrs Daisy Smith

Crown Public House 38 Lyde Green Joseph R Priest

Duke William Inn 9 Furlong Lane Ben Tromans

Gate Public House 110 Colley Gate William Richard Buffery

Holly Bush Public House 50 High Street William Henry Hickman

Horse & Jockey Public House 19 Mogul Lane Reginald Johnson

Maypole Inn 5 Maypole Hill Henry J Parks

Old Crown Inn 2 Intended Street Joseph Jinks

Old Two Gates Inn 50 Two Gates Lane Thomas Edge

Park Lane Tavern Park Lane Harry Victor Cook

Rose and Crown Public House High Street William Hall

Round of Beef Public House 33 Windmill Hill Harry Vernon Cox

Talbot Hotel Colley Lane Thomas Bills

Vine Inn Lyde Green Benjamin Garrett

Vine Inn 88 Two Gates William Thomas Woodall

White Horse Inn 70 High Street Frederick Webster

White Lion Inn 74 Windmill Hill George Stafford

Why Not Inn Two Gates George James

Names

The following table, extracted from the collection of directories on Cradley Links, includes both public houses and those entries where although the name of a public house is not shown, the person's occupation was associated with the brewing or selling of beer. The spelling as shown in the original directories has been retained.

Adams Henry, victualler, Windmill, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley

Adams Jabez, victualler, Bull's Head, Over End 1855 Billing

Adams Jabez, British Arms, Overend 1860 Kelly

Adams Jabez, publican, Overend 1860 Preston

Adams Jabez, British Arms, Overend 1868 Kelly

Adams Jabez, Bull's Head Inn, Overend 1873 Littlebury

Adams Sarah (Mrs.), Bull's Head P.H. & shpkpr., Overend 1896 Kelly

Adams William, Blue Ball Inn, Overend 1873 Littlebury

Arnett Mrs. Eliza, beer retailer, Overend 1873 Littlebury

Arnett Sarah (Mrs), beer retailer 1872 Post Office

Arnett Sarah (Mrs), beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Attwood Benj, mnftr of hames, chains, and traces, and beer

retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones

Attwood Benjamin, beer retailer 1868 Kelly

Attwood Eliza (Mrs.), hame maker & beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Attwood Eliza (Mrs.), hame maker & beer retailer 1880 Kelly

Attwood Eliza, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Attwood Eliza (Mrs.), hame ma. & beer retlr., Lyde green 1896 Kelly

Attwood James, Fish Inn 1872 Post Office

Attwood James, Fish Inn 1873 Littlebury

Attwood James, Fish Inn 1876 Kelly

Attwood Richard, beer retailer 1868 Kelly

Attwood Wm, beer retlr & shpkpr, Cradley 1865 Jones

Attwood William, beer retailer 1868 Kelly

Auden Arthur, beer retailer, Two gates 1896 Kelly

Auden Lawson, Fish inn, 46 High street 1912 Kelly

Bangham Wm. Hy. beer retlr. 1 Stocking st. Two Gates 1912 Kelly

Bangham Wm. Hy. Beer retlr. 1 Stocking st, Two Gates 1916 Kelly

Bate Thomas, chain maker, Blue Ball lane 1916 Kelly

Batham Daniel, beer retailer 1880 Kelly

Batham Daniel, beer retailer, High street 1896 Kelly

Batham Daniel, beer retailer, 70 High street 1912 Kelly

Batham Daniel, beer retailer, 70 High street 1916 Kelly

Bayliss George, Bridge inn 1876 Kelly

Bayliss George, Bridge inn 1880 Kelly

Bayliss George, Bridge Inn 1880 Owens

Beasley Allen, beer retailer, Furlong lane 1873 Littlebury

Beasley Allen, Old Vine,  Park road 1880 Kelly

Beasley Benjamin, victualler, Sun ; and gun-barrel maker, Overend 1840 Bentley

Beasley John, sword-blade forger and victualler, Blue Ball 1840 Bentley

Beasley John, victualler, Blue Ball 1855 Billing

Beasley John, Blue Ball inn 1860 Preston

Beasley Joseph, Blue Ball 1860 Kelly Beasley Josiah, beer retailer and sword and bayonet forger, Cradley 1865 Jones

Beasley John, beer retailer, Overend 1896 Kelly

Beasley Samuel, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Bellingham Geo. beer retlr, Two gates 1872 Post Office

Bennet Saml. beer retailer, Two gates 1876 Kelly

Bennet Saml. beer retailer, Two gates 1880 Kelly

Bennett Clement, beer retailer, Two gates 1896 Kelly

Bennett Clement, beer retailer, 88 Two gates 1912 Kelly

Bennett Clement, beer retailer, 88 Two gates 1916 Kelly

Bennett Samuel, beer retailer 1855 Billing

Bennett Saml, beer retailer, Two gates, Cradley 1865 Jones

Bennett Saml. beer retailer, Two gates 1872 Post Office

Bennett Sml.,beer rtlr. & farmer,Two gates 1873 Littlebury

Bennett Wm, Rose and Crown, and greengrocer, Cradley 1865 Jones

Bennett Wm., greengrocer and beer rtlr 1873 Littlebury

Billingham George, charcoal dlr., beer retlr., & shopkpr., Two gates 1873 Littlebury

Billingham Joseph Henry, beer retailer, Victoria street 1916 Kelly

Black Horse P.H. (Wm. Palmer), Banners la 1940 Kelly

Bloomer Joseph, victualler, Robin-Hood 1840 Bentley

Bloomer Joseph, victualler, pawnbroker, and shopkeeper, Robin Hood 1855 Billing

Bloomer Josiah, Robin Hood 1860 Kelly

Bloomer Josiah, Robin Hood 1860 Preston

Bloomer Josiah, Robin Hood 1868 Kelly

Blue Ball P.H. (Gilbt. Willetts), Blue Ball la 1940 Kelly

Botfield George, Old Two Gates P.H. 56 Windmill hill 1912 Kelly

Boxley Benj, beer retailr, High st, Cradley 1865 Jones

Brettell Joseph, Fish P.H. High street 1896 Kelly

Bridge Inn (Harold Willetts) 8 Bridge st 1940 Kelly

British Arms P.H. (Mrs. Ellen Griffiths), 20 Furlong la 1940 Kelly

Brooks David, Black Swan 1876 Kelly

Brooks David, Black Swan 1880 Kelly

Brooks David, Black Swan Inn 1880 Owens

Bull's Head P.H. (Mrs. Zerniah Robins), Overend rd 1940 Kelly

Bunn Wm, beer retailer and shopkeeper, New st, Cradley 1865 Jones

Bunn William, beer retailer 1868 Kelly

Bunn William, beer retailer 1872 Post Office

Bunn William, beer retlr. and shop-keeper 1873 Littlebury

Bunn William, beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Buttery Emily May (Mrs.), Crown P.H. 88 Lyde Green 1916 Kelly

Camm Thomas, beerseller, &c. 1840 Bentley

Carr Hy, beer retlr and filecuttr, Cradley 1865 Jones

Cashmore Charles, Holly Bush P.H. 50 High street 1916 Kelly

Cemm Thomas, vice maker, jobbing smith, and victualler, Bridge Inn 1855 Billing

Cemm Thomas, Bridge inn, & vice manufacturer 1860 Kelly

Challiner Geo. Read, White Swan, and plumber and painter 1865 Jones

Chilton William, beer retailer, 9 Furlong lane 1912 Kelly

Chilton William, beer retailer, 9 Furlong lane 1916 Kelly

Clemm Thomas, Bridge inn 1860 Preston

Colden Susanna, beerseller, Park-row 1840 Bentley

Cook Elizabeth (Mrs.), Crown 1872 Post Office

Cook Hannah (Mrs.), Crown 1876 Kelly

Cook Samuel, Crown 1868 Kelly

Cooke Mrs., Crown. Inn, Lyde green 1873 Littlebury

Cooper William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly

Cox Harry Vernon, Round of Beef P.H. 33 Colley gate 1912 Kelly Cox Harry Vernon, Round of Beef P.H. 33 Colley gate 1916 Kelly

Cox Joseph, Blue Ball 1880 Kelly

Cox Thos, beer retir, Colly gte, Cradley 1865 Jones

Cox Thos. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1872 Post Office

Cox Thos., Round of Beef, Windmill hill 1873 Littlebury

Cox Thos. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1876 Kelly

Cox Thomas, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Cox Thos. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1880 Kelly

Cox Thomas, Round of Beef P.H. Windmill hill 1896 Kelly

Cox William, nail-factor and beerseller 1840 Bentley

Crown Inn (Mrs. Daisy Smith) Barrack la 1940 Kelly

Crown P.H. (Jsph. R. Priest), 88 Lyde grn 1940 Kelly

Cutler Frederick Edward, Rose & Crown P.H. High street 1896 Kelly

Cutler Frederic Edward, Rose & Crown P.H. High street & brewer, Lyde Green 1912 Kelly

Davies William Henry, beer retailer, Victoria street 1912 Kelly

Deeley Lousia (Mrs.), Rose &Crown 1880 Kelly

Deeley William, Rose &Crown 1872 Post Office

Deeley William, Rose and Crown Inn 1873 Littlebury

Deeley William, Rose &Crown 1876 Kelly

Duke William Inn (Ben Tromans), 9 Furlong la 1940 Kelly

Dunn William, Blue Ball 1876 Kelly

Edwards Henry, maltster, Park-Row 1840 Bentley

Ellis Francis Joseph, Holly Bush P.H. 50 High street 1912 Kelly

Fellow Thomas, Old Mogul, Netherend 1860 Kelly

Fellowes Thomas, victualler, Old Mogul, Nether End 1855 Billing

Fellows Joseph, maltster 1860 Kelly

Fellows Susannah, maltster, Cradley 1865 Jones

Fellows Thomas, chain manufacterer and victualler, Mogul, Netherend 1840 Bentley

Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul, Netherend 1860 Preston

Fellows Thos, beer retailer, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones

Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul, Nethernd 1868 Kelly

Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul, Netherend 1872 Post Office

Fellows Thos., Old Mogul Inn, Netherend 1873 Littlebury

Fellows Thos. beer retailer, Netherend 1876 Kelly

Fellows Thomas, beer retailer, Netherend 1880 Owens

Fellows Thos. beer retailer, Netherend 1880 Kelly

Fellows Thomas, Old Mogul P.H. Netherend 1896 Kelly

Folkes Wm. beer retailer, Windmill hill 1872 Post Office

Folkes William, beer retlr, Windmill hill 1873 Littlebury

Forrest Noah, beerseller, Light green 1840 Bentley

Forrest Richd. beer retailer, Windmill hl 1876 Kelly

Forrest Richard, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Forrest Richd. beer retailer, Windmill hl 1880 Kelly

Fox Charles John, maltster, Overend 1896 Kelly

Fox Thomas, victualler, Fish 1855 Billing

Fox Thomas, Fish, & maltster 1860 Kelly

Fox Thomas, Fish, and maltster, Cradley 1865 Jones

Fox Thomas, maltster 1868 Kelly

Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1872 Post Office

Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1873 Littlebury

Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1876 Kelly

Fox Thomas, maltster, Overend 1880 Kelly

Foxall Thomas, maltster, Netherton 1865 Jones

Gate P.H. (Wm. Rd. Buttery), 110 Colley gate 1940 Kelly

Gill Samuel, beer retailer, Two gates 1896 Kelly

Griffiths Frank, British Arms P.H. 20 Furlong lane 1912 Kelly

Griffiths Frank, British Arms P.H. 20 Furlong Lane 1916 Kelly

Griffiths William, Crown P.H. Lyde green 1896 Kelly

Grove John H., beer retailer and shopkeeper, Colley Gate 1855 Billing

Guest Edward, Old Vine P. H. Park road, Colley gate 1896 Kelly

Haddock John, painter and beerseller, Netherend 1840 Bentley

Hadley William, beerseller, Park-row 1840 Bentley

Harper Dvd, beer rtlr, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones

Harper Joseph, beerseller, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley

Harper Mary Ann (Mrs.), beer & wine retailer, Furlong la 1896 Kelly Harper Reuben, beer retailer, Colley gate 1868 Kelly

Harper Reuben, beer retailer, Colley gate 1872 Post Office

Harper Reuben, White Lion, Windmill hl 1873 Littlebury

Harper Reuben, beer retailer, Colley gt 1880 Kelly

Harper Richard, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Harper, Joseph, beer retailer, Colly lane 1860 Preston

Harrison Benj. maltster 1820 Lewis'

Harrison Elizabeth, victualler, Fish 1840 Bentley

Harrison Herbert Joseph, Black Swan P.H. 80 High st 1912 Kelly

Harrison Herbert Joseph, Black Swan P.H. 80 High st 1916 Kelly

Harrison Joseph, chain maker, Bridge street 1912 Kelly

Hathaway William, Fish 1868 Kelly

Hawkeswood Benjn., Sun Inn, and grocer 1873 Littlebury

Hawkeswood Benj. Sun, Colley Gate 1876 Kelly

Hawkeswood Benjamin, Sun 1880 Owens

Hawkeswood Benjamin, Sun, Overend 1880 Kelly

Hawkeswood H., Sun inn, Overend 1860 Preston

Hawkeswood Joseph, beer retailer and shopkeeper, Yew Tree 1855 Billing

Hawkeswood Joseph, beer retailer 1860 Kelly

Hawkeswood Joseph, beer retailer 1860 Preston

Hawkeswood Richard. Sun, Colley gate 1872 Post Office

Hawkeswood William, victualler, Rising Sun, Over End 1855 Billing

Hawkeswood Wm, Sun, & grcr, Overend, Cradley 1865 Jones

Hawkesworth William Herbert, Sun, & shopkeeper, Overend 1860 Kelly

Hawkesworth Wm. Herbrt. Sun, Overnd 1868 Kelly

Hawkswood Joseph, beerseller and farmer 1840 Bentley

Hawkswood William Herbert, beerseller 1840 Bentley

Herrin Henry Jabez, Horse & Jockey P.H. 19 Netherend 1912 Kelly

Herring Henry Jabez, Horse & Jockey P.H. 19 Netherend 1916 Kelly

Hickton Maria Louisa (Mrs.), Black Swan P.H. High st 1896 Kelly

Hill Thomas., maltster & beer retailer, Park lane 1873 Littlebury

Hill Thos. beer retlr. Park Lane farm 1876 Kelly

Hingley Elizabeth, beer retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones

Hingley James, butcher & beer retailer 1860 Kelly

Hingley Jas, beer retailer and butcher, Cradley 1865 Jones

Hingley James, butcher and beer retailer 1873 Littlebury

Hingley James, beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Hingley James, beer retailer 1880 Kelly

Hingley James, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Hipkiss Ann Rebecca (Mrs.), Lodge Forge P.H. New st 1896 Kelly

Hipkiss Henry, Lodge Forge, and iron manufacturer, Cradley 1865 Jones

Hipkiss Hen. iron manfr. Lodge forge 1872 Post Office

Hipkiss Hy., manufctr. of all kinds of use iron and beer retailer, Lodge forge 1873 Littlebury

Hipkiss Henry, iron manufr. Lodge forge 1880 Kelly

Hipkiss Moses, beer retailer 1880 Kelly

Hipkiss William Evan, Lodge Forge inn 1880 Kelly

Holly Bush P.H. (Wm. Hy. Eickman), 50 High st 1940 Kelly

Homer Noah Cox, beerseller, boot, &c., maker, Colly-gate 1840 Bentley

Homer Thomas, beerseller 1840 Bentley

Hopkiss Henry, iron manufacturer. Lodge forge 1868 Kelly

Hopkiss Hy. iron manufr. Lodge forge 1876 Kelly

Horse & Jockey P.H. (Regnld. Johnson), 19 Mogul la. Netherend 1940 Kelly

Hotchkiss Ann Maria (Mrs.), shpkpr. & Sun P.H. Overend 1896 Kelly

Hughes Isaiah, victualler, Holly Bush 1855 Billing

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1860 Kelly

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush, Cradley 1865 Jones

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1868 Kelly

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1872 Post Office

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush Inn and maltster 1873 Littlebury

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1876 Kelly

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1880 Kelly

Hughes Isaiah, Holly Bush 1880 Owens

Hughes Samuel, maltster 1872 Post Office

Hughes Samuel, maltster 1880 Kelly

Hughes Samuel, maltster 1880 Owens

Hughes, Isaiah, Holly Bush 1860 Preston

Ingley George Albert, Old Mogul P.H. Netherend 1912 Kelly

Ingley George Albert, Old Mogul P.H. Netherend 1916 Kelly

Jasper James, Bridge inn, 8 Bridge street 1912 Kelly

Jasper James, Bridge inn, 8 Bridge street 1916 Kelly Johnson Levi, beerseller 1840 Bentley

Jones Joseph, beer retailer, 19 Overend 1912 Kelly

Jones Mary (Mrs.) maltstr, Netherend 1868 Kelly

Jones Mrs. Susannah, maltster, Netherend 1873 Littlebury

Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1872 Post Office

Jones Susannah. (Mrs) maltstr. Nethernd 1872 Post Office

Jones Samuel, Black Swan Inn 1873 Littlebury

Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Jones Susannah. (Mrs) maltstr. Nethernd 1876 Kelly

Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1880 Kelly

Jones Samuel, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Jones William, maltster, Nether End 1855 Billing

Jones William, Black Swan 1860 Kelly

Jones William, maltster Netherend 1860 Kelly

Jones William, maltster, Netherend 1860 Preston

Jones Wm, Black Swan, Cradley 1865 Jones

Kendrick William, beer retailer 1855 Billing

Kendrick William, beer retailer 1860 Kelly

Kendrick Wm, beer rtlr, Colly gte, Cradley 1865 Jones

Laister Thomas, maltster 1855 Billing

Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1860 Kelly

Laister Thos, maltster, Colley gt, Cradley 1865 Jones

Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1868 Kelly

Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1872 Post Office

Laister Thomas, maltster, Colley gate 1873 Littlebury

Leonard Jas. Albt. Old Two Gates P.H. 50 Windmill hill 1916 Kelly

Leonard Samuel, victualler, May Pole, Old Forge 1840 Bentley

Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1860 Kelly

Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1860 Preston

Leonard Samuel, Maypole, Cradley forge 1865 Jones

Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1868 Kelly

Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1872 Post Office

Leonard Samuel, May Pole, Cradley forge 1873 Littlebury

Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1876 Kelly

Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1880 Kelly

Leonard Samuel, May Pole 1880 Owens

Lester Thomas, maltster, Colly gate 1860 Preston

Lowe Joseph, Bull's Head P.H. Overend 1912 Kelly

Male David, beer retailer, 49 Lyde green 1916 Kelly

Manning George, beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Mason Saml., maltster, Netherend 1840 Bentley

Maypole Inn (Hy. J. Parkes), 5 Maypole hill 1940 Kelly

Mole Albert, Horse Shoe P.H. & blacksmith, Colley gate 1896 Kelly

Mole Daniel, victualler & blacksmith, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley

Mole Fanny, blacksmith and victualler, Colley Gate 1855 Billing

Mole Fanny (Miss), beer retailer, Colley gate 1872 Post Office

Mole Jane (Miss), beer retlr. Colley gate 1876 Kelly

Mole Jane (Miss), beer retlr. Colley gate 1880 Kelly

Mole Jane, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Mole Lucy, beer retailer, Colly gte, Cradley 1865 Jones

Mole Lucy (Miss), beer retailr. Colley gate 1868 Kelly

Mole William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly

Newth William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly

Old Crown Inn (Jsph. Jinks), 2 Intended st 1940 Kelly

Old Two Gates Inn (Thos. Edge), 50 Two Gates la 1940 Kelly

Oliver Eliza (Mrs.), beer retailer, Park side 1896 Kelly

Oliver Eliza (Mrs.), beer retailer, Park road 1912 Kelly

Oliver Eliza (Mrs.), beer retailer, Park road 1916 Kelly

Oliver Frank, Talbot htl., brewer, maltster & farmr. Colley gate 1896 Kelly Oliver Frank, Talbot hotel, & farmer, Colley gate 1912 Kelly

Oliver Frank, Talbot hotel, & farmer, Colley Gate 1916 Kelly

Oliver Joseph, beer retailer, Park row 1873 Littlebury

Oliver William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly

Oliver William, beer retailer, Old Vine, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones

Oliver William, beer retailer, Colley gate 1868 Kelly

Oliver William, maltster 1872 Post Office

Oliver Wm., beer rtlr. and maltster, Park row 1873 Littlebury

Oliver William, maltster & beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Oliver William & Sons, maltsters and hop merchants, Colley gate 1880 Owens

Oliver William, jun. Park lane tavern, Netherend 1880 Kelly

Oliver William, Talbot Commercial Hotel, and maltster 1880 Owens

Oliver Wm, Talbot hotel, & maltster 1880 Kelly

Oliver W. & Son (of Cradley) Ltd. Maltsters. Colley Gate 1916 Kelly

Onslow Thomas, Bridge, Cradley 1865 Jones

Owen William, beer retailer and shop-keeper, Old White Lion 1855 Billing

Palmer William, beer retailer, 19 Overend 1916 Kelly

Pargeter T. maltster 1820 Lewis'

Parish Joseph, beerseller, Old Two Gates 1840 Bentley

Park Lane Tavern (Harry Victor Cook), Park la 1940 Kelly

Parkes William, beer retailer, Crown 1855 Billing

Parrish Henry, victualler, Two Gates 1855 Billing

Partridge George, hame, trace and chain manufctr. and beer

rtlr., (Why not call and see), Two gates 1873 Littlebury

Partridge William, Fish inn, 36 High street 1916 Kelly

Pearshouse Joseph, beer retailer, Netherend 1896 Kelly

Pearson James, beerseller, Old Two Gates 1840 Bentley

Percival Joh, Bull's Head P.H. Overend 1916 Kelly

Priest James, beerseller 1840 Bentley Proffitt Daniel, beer retailer, High town 1896 Kelly

Proffitt, Daniel, beer retailer, 2 High town 1912 Kelly

Proffitt Daniel, beer retailer, 2 High town 1916 Kelly

Proffitt Thomas, Holly Bush P.H. High street 1896 Kelly

Robins George, Sun P.H. 99 Overend 1912 Kelly

Robins George, Sun P.H. 99 Overend 1916 Kelly

Robinson Llewellyn, beer retailer, 52 High street 1912 Kelly

Robinson Llewellyn, beer retailer, 52 High street 1916 Kelly

Robinson Simeon, beer retailer, Park lane 1912 Kelly

Robinson Simeon, beer retailer, Park lane 1916 Kelly

Roper Emanuel, White Lion inn, Colley gate 1876 Kelly

Roper Emanuel, White Lion Inn 1880 Owens

Roper Emanuel, White Lion inn, Colley gate 1880 Kelly

Roper George Albert, White Lion inn, Colley gate 1896 Kelly

Roper George Albert, White Lion inn, 74 Colley gate 1912 Kelly

Roper George Albert, White Lion inn, 74 Colley gate 1916 Kelly

Roper William, beerseller and farmer, Colly Gate 1840 Bentley

Roper Wm. beer retailer, Colley gate 1860 Kelly

Roper Wm, beer rtlr, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones

Rose & Crown P.H. (Wm. Hall), High st 1940 Kelly

Round of Beef P.H. (Harry Vernon Cox), 33 Windmill hill 1940 Kelly

Rowley Thomas, British Arms P.H. Furlong lane 1896 Kelly

Saunders John, beer retailer, 49 Lyde green 1912 Kelly

Shaw Henry, maltster, Netherend 1840 Bentley Shaw Wm. beer retailer & shopkeeper, Netherend 1860 Kelly

Simms Elizabeth, victualler, Crown 1855 Billing

Simons Mary Frances (Mrs.), Bridge inn 1868 Kelly

Smethem Henry, beer retlr. Colley gate 1868 Kelly

Smith Harry, Rose & Crown P.H. High street 1916 Kelly

Steadman Joseph, Black Swan 1868 Kelly

Stevens Richd. beer retlr. Windmill hill 1872 Post Office

Stevens Richard, Windmill Inn 1873 Littlebury

Stevens William, Horse and Jockey, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones

Stevens Wm. beer retailer, Netherend 1868 Kelly

Stevens Wm. beer retailer, Netherend 1872 Post Office

Stevens Wm., Horse and Jockey, Netherend 1873 Littlebury

Stevens William, Horse & Jockey P.H. Netherend 1896 Kelly

Stoneley Josh, beer retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones

Stringer Wm. beer retailer, Netherend 1860 Kelly

Talbot George, beer retailer 1868 Kelly

Talbot Hotel (Thos. Bills), Colley gate 1940 Kelly

Talbott George, beer rtlr, Cradley forge 1865 Jones

Tandy John, Blue Ball P.H. Church lane 1916 Kelly

Tandy Phoebe (Mrs.), Blue Ball P.H. Ball lane 1896 Kelly Tate Abel, victualler, British Arms, Overend 1840 Bentley

Tate A., victualler, British Arms,Over End 1855 Billing

Tate Abel, publican 1860 Preston

Tate Abel, beer rtlr, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones

Tate Samuel, British Arms 1872 Post Office

Tate Saml., British Arms Inn, Overend 1873 Littlebury

Tate Samuel, British Arms 1876 Kelly

Tate Samuel, British Arms 1880 Kelly

Tate William, beer retailer, Cradley 1865 Jones

Tate William, beer retailer 1868 Kelly

Tate William, Bridge inn 1872 Post Office

Tate Wm., Bridge Inn and beer retlr., (Crown), High town 1873 Littlebury

Tate William, beer retailer 1876 Kelly

Tate William, beer retailer 1880 Kelly

Tate William, beer retailer 1880 Owens

Taylor William, beer retailer 1880 Kelly Thomas Henry, beer retailer, Netherend 1860 Kelly

Thomas William Henry, beer retailer, 63 Two gates 1912 Kelly

Tibbets Elizabeth, Shovel Inn 1880 Owens

Tibbets Joseph, beerseller, Park row 1840 Bentley

Tibbets John, victualler, Old Two Gates, Park Side 1855 Billing

Tibbetts Elizabeth (Mrs.), Shovel inn, Park side 1872 Post Office

Tibbetts Elizabeth (Mrs.), Shovel inn, Park side 1876 Kelly

Tibbetts Elizabeth (Mrs.), Shovel inn, Park side 1880 Kelly

Tibbetts Joseph, Shovel inn, & shopkeeper, Park side 1860 Kelly

Tibbetts John, beer retailer, Two gates, Cradley 1865 Jones

Tibbetts Joseph, Shovel inn, Park side 1868 Kelly

Tibbetts Mrs. Elizabeth, Malt Shovel and shopkeeper, Park row 1873 Littlebury

Tibbetts William, beer retailer, High street 1896 Kelly

Tibbetts, Joseph, Malt Shovel, and grocr and maltster, Colly gate, Cradley 1865 Jones

Tromans Benjamin, Gate P.H. Colley gate 1912 Kelly

Tromans Benjamin, Gate P.H. Colley Gate 1916 Kelly

Twigg Adelaide (Mrs.), Crown P.H. 88 Lyde green 1912 Kelly

Twist Mary Ann (Mrs.), Maypole P.H. 5 Cradley forge 1912 Kelly

Twist Mary Ann (Mrs.), Maypole P.H. 5 Cradley forge 1916 Kelly

Vine Inn (Benj. Garratt), Lyde grn 1940 Kelly

Vine Inn (Wm. Thos. Woodall), 88 Two gates 1940 Kelly

Walker Hezekiah, beer retailer, Victoria street 1896 Kelly

Walker Stephen, beerseller, Light Green 1840 Bentley

Walters John, Vine 1865 Jones

Walters William, Old Two Gates P.H 1896 Kelly

Warr John, beer retailer 1860 Kelly

Watts Harry, Bridge P.H. Bridge street 1896 Kelly

Westwood Emma (Mrs.), beer retailer 1868 Kelly

Westwood Joseph, victualler, malster, and shopkeeper, Malt Shovel 1855 Billing

White Horse Inn (Fredk. Webster), 70 High st 1940 Kelly

White Lion Inn (Geo. Stafford), 74 Windmill liill 1940 Kelly

Why Not Inn (Geo. James), Two gates 1940 Kelly

Willetts John, Crown 1880 Kelly

Williams Eliza, victualler, Nether End Tavern, Nether End 1855 Billing

Williams Eliza (Mrs.), Netherend tavern, Netherend 1860 Kelly

Williams Eliza, beer retailer, Netherend 1860 Preston

Williams Eliza, Netherend tavern, Netherend, Cradley 1865 Jones

Williams Joseph, beer retailer, Horse and Jockey, Nether End 1855 Billing

Woodall John W. Blue Ball P.H. Church lane 1912 Kelly

Wright Daniel, victualler and porter dealer, Holly Bush 1840 Bentley

Wyer Judith (Mrs.), beer retailer 1860 Kelly

Wyer Samuel E, beer retailer 1855 Billing

Yates Ann (Mrs.), beer retailer 1872 Post Office

Yates Mrs. Ann, beer retlr., New street 1873 Littlebury

Readers wishing to pursue their study of public houses might like to take a look at the following web sites:

The Pubs, Inns and Taverns Index for England, 1801-1900 (www.pubsindex.freeserve.co.uk)

The Pub and Beer Guide for the Midlands (www.midlandspubs.co.uk) and especially the Colley Gate section (www.midlandspubs.co.uk/westmidlands/colleygate.htm )

Real Ale and a Bed (www.beerguide.co.uk) and especially the West Midlands page (www.beerguide.co.uk/counties/wmids.htm) which features the Why Not Inn in Two Gates, Cradley (www.beerguide.co.uk/towns/colley_gate.htm#whynot)